I-Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, ingxenye eyinhloko Yezimoto Ezintsha Zamandla, inezinsiza eziningi zasekhaya kanye nezinzuzo ezinkulu.

Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezinhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zenqubo,izinto kazibutheasetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezinembayo zezimoto, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwezingxenye zezimoto. I-Magnetic material iyinhloko yemoto yokushayela yezimoto zamandla amasha. Ukufakwa kukagesi sekuphenduke inkomba yentuthuko yemboni yezimoto yomhlaba wonke, futhi imakethe yezinto ezibonakalayo inesikhala esikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-China inezinqolobane ezinkulu zemithombo yomhlaba engavamile emhlabeni. I-China inezinqolobane ezinkulu zemithombo yomhlaba engavamile, umkhiqizo omkhulu kanye nezindleko kanye nezinzuzo zezinsiza. Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni yezimoto ezintsha zamandla aseShayina, izinto zikazibuthe zezimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokufika kwezindawo zokudayisa kuzoba yindawo entsha yokukhula yemboni esikhathini esizayo.

Ekusakazweni kokusetshenziswa okuzansi komfula kwezinto zikazibuthe, ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kweChina kubalelwa ku-50%. Esimisweni sokufunwa komhlaba wonke sezinto ezisebenza kahle kazibuthe, ama-akhawunti ezimoto angama-52%.

I-drive motor ingenye yezingxenye ezintathu ezibalulekile zezimoto ezintsha zamandla. I-material kazibuthe iyimpahla eyinhloko ye-stator ne-rotor ye-drive motor. Ngokwemininingwane yoMnyango Wezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe bezolwazi eChina, ngoDisemba 2019, amandla afakiwe ama-motor drive asekhaya e-China ayesefinyelele ezigidini eziyi-1.24, okukhona kuwo ama-motor synchronous azibuthe ahlala enza ama-99% esabelo semakethe. I-Permanent magnet synchronous motor yakhiwa ikakhulukazi i-stator, i-rotor kanye nama-winding, ikhava yokugcina kanye nezinye izakhiwo zemishini. Izinga nokusebenza kwezinto kazibuthe kunquma ngokuqondile izinkomba ezibalulekile ezifana nokusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokuzinza kwemoto kazibuthe yedrayivu unomphela.

Imishini kazibuthe yezimoto isetshenziswa ukushayela izinjini zezimoto zamandla amasha. Imoto yokushayela yezimoto zamandla amasha iwumshini ohambayo we-electromagnetic osebenza ngomgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic. Isetshenziselwa ukuguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla kagesi futhi amunce amandla kagesi ohlelweni lukagesi ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Okukhipha amandla emishini ohlelweni lwemishini. Imoto kazibuthe ehlehla unomphela yakhiwa ikakhulukazi i-stator, i-rotor nama-winding, ikhava yokugcina kanye nezinye izakhiwo zemishini. Phakathi kwazo, ikhwalithi nokusebenza kwe-stator kanye ne-rotor cores inquma ngokuqondile inani lezinkomba ezibalulekile ezifana nokusebenza kahle kwamandla nokuzinza kwe-drive motor, okubala u-19% no-11% yenani eliphelele le-synchronous motor unomphela ozibuthe ngokulandelanayo. Izinto zikamagnetic zisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-rotor motor motor. Kusukela ohlangothini lwezinto ezibonakalayo, izinto ezisetshenziswa kazibuthe namashidi ensimbi ye-silicon yizinto ezibalulekile ezinquma inani lemoto kazibuthe unomphela ehambisanayo, ebalwa ku-30% no-20% wesamba sezindleko ngokulandelana.

Njengamanje, izinhlobo zama-drive motors asetshenziswa ezimotweni zamandla amasha ikakhulukazi ama-AC asynchronous motors kanye nama-synchronous motors ozibuthe unomphela. Ibonisa ukuthrenda okukhulayo unyaka nonyaka. Njengomthombo wamandla wezimoto ezintsha zamandla, i-magnetic synchronous motor (PMSM) ehlala njalo inezici zokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, ukusebenza okuthembekile nokusebenza kwejubane okulungiswayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamamotho. Inganikeza amandla amakhulu okukhiphayo ngaphansi kwesisindo esifanayo nevolumu, futhi iwuhlobo lwemoto olufanele ezimotweni zamandla amasha. Phakathi kwazo, iJapan neSouth Korea zamukela umshini ozibuthe unomphela wokuvumelanisa, futhi iYurophu yamukela umshini we-AC asynchronous. I-permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) isiphenduke umshini wokuthengisa osetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni ezintsha zaseChina ngenxa yamandla ayo aphezulu, amandla aphansi, usayizi omncane kanye nesisindo.