Isikhathi esidlule sikhulume ngokuthi yiziphiIzibuthe ze-NdFeB.Kodwa abantu abaningi basadidekile ngokuthi bayini omazibuthe be-NdFeB. Kulokhu ngizochaza ukuthi yini omazibuthe be-NdFeB kule mibono elandelayo.
1.Ingabe izibuthe ze-neodymium zihlanzekile neodymium?
2.Ayini omazibuthe be-neodymium?
3.Iyini impilo yezibuthe ze-neodymium?
4.Iziphi ezinye izinto ezinhle engingazenza ngozibuthe be-neodymium?
5.Kungani omazibuthe be-neodymium benamandla kangaka?
6.Kungani omagnethi be-neodymium bebiza?
7.Ungawahlanza kanjani ama-neodymium magnet spheres?
8.Ungalithola kanjani ibanga likazibuthe we-neodymium?
9.Ingabe ukhona umkhawulo wokuthi ungaba mkhulu kangakanani uzibuthe we-neodymium?
0.Ingabe i-neodymium inamandla kazibuthe esimweni sayo esihlanzekile?
Ake siqale
1.Ingabe izibuthe ze-neodymium zihlanzekile neodymium?
Kunamagama amaningi esikubiza ngozibuthe be-neodymium, kodwa angaphinde abizwe ngozibuthe be-NdFeB, omagnet be-NEO noma amanye amagama. Ngokusebenzisa la magama, siyazi ukuthi izibuthe ze-neodymium ziqukethe izakhi zensimbi ezihlukahlukene, okungenani singaqiniseka ukuthi izibuthe ze-neodymium ziqukethe i-neodymium, insimbi ne-boron.
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium benziwa ngokuhlanganisa i-neodymium, i-iron, ne-boron ndawonye ukuze bakhe uhlobo lukazibuthe oluhlala njalo olwaziwa ngokuthi uzibuthe we-neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB). I-neodymium kulawa zibuthe ngokuvamile ayihlanzekile, kodwa kunalokho iyingxubevange ehlanganisa i-neodymium nezinye izakhi ezifana ne-dysprosium, i-terbium, noma i-praseodymium.
Ukwengezwa kwalezi ezinye izakhi ku-neodymium kusiza ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo kazibuthe zamazibuthe we-NdFeB, njengokukhulisa ukucindezelwa kwawo kanye nokumelana nokukhishwa kazibuthe. Ukwakheka okunembayo kwengxubevange ye-neodymium esetshenziswa kuzibuthe ze-NdFeB kungahluka kuye ngohlelo oluthile nezimfuneko zokusebenza.
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe kumdwebo
2.Ayini omazibuthe be-neodymium?
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bawuhlobo lukazibuthe oqinile, ongunaphakade owenziwe ngengxubevange ye-neodymium, insimbi, ne-boron. Baziwa nangokuthi omazibuthe be-neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) noma omagnethi bomhlaba abangavamile, njengoba i-neodymium ingenye yezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba.
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banamandla ngokwedlulele, banensimu kazibuthe enamandla kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zozibuthe, abafana nozibuthe be-ferrite noma be-alnico. Zinezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, ezihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kuma-hard drive ekhompyutha, ama-wind turbines, amamotho kagesi, imishini yezokwelapha, nezipikha ezilalelwayo.
Ngenxa yamandla abo, omazibuthe be-neodymium bangasetshenziswa ngamasayizi amancane futhi basanikeze amandla amakhulu kazibuthe. Zivame ukusetshenziswa kumishini kagesi ehlangene lapho isikhala silinganiselwe. Kodwa-ke, omagnethi be-neodymium nabo abanamandla futhi bangaqhekeka noma baphuke kalula, ngakho-ke kufanele baphathwe ngokucophelela.
Sekukonke, ozibuthe be-neodymium bayingxenye ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe obuningi besimanje ngenxa yezakhiwo zabo eziqinile zikazibuthe nokuguquguquka.
3.Iyini impilo yezibuthe ze-neodymium?
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium baziwa ngendawo yabo kazibuthe enamandla, kodwa banesikhathi esilinganiselwe sokuphila. Ukuphila kukazibuthe we-neodymium kungahluka kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ubukhulu bayo, ukuma, nendawo esetshenziswa kuyo.
Ngokuvamile, izibuthe ze-neodymium zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zingahlala iminyaka eminingi, ngisho namashumi eminyaka, uma zisetshenziswa futhi zigcinwe kahle. Kodwa-ke, bangakwazi futhi ukulahlekelwa amandla kazibuthe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma bechayeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma izindawo ezinamandla kazibuthe.
Isikhathi esiqondile sokuphila kukazibuthe we-neodymium kungaba nzima ukubikezela, njengoba kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Kodwa ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokugcinwa kahle, uzibuthe we-neodymium ungahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi ngokuvamile isikhathi eside kunezinye izinhlobo zamagnetic.
Ukuze ukwandise isikhathi sokuphila sikazibuthe we-neodymium, kubalulekile ukuyigcina kahle, uyigcine ikude nabanye oozibuthe abangase bathinte insimu yayo kazibuthe, futhi ugweme ukuyichaya emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma ezindaweni ezinamandla kazibuthe. Ukwengeza, ozibuthe be-neodymium kufanele baphathwe ngokucophelela, njengoba beqinile futhi bangaqhekeka kalula noma baphuke uma bewisiwe noma bephathwa kabi.
| iminyaka | Ukulahlekelwa okumaphakathi kazibuthe |
| 1 | 0.0% |
| 2 | 0.0112% |
| 3 | 0.002% |
| 4 | 0.25% |
| 5 | 0.195% |
| 6 | 0.187% |
| 7 | 0.452% |
| 8 | 0.365% |
| 9 | 0.365% |
| 10 | 0.526% |
| 11 | 0.448% |
Le datha iwukuncipha ukusuka onyakeni odlule, ngamaqembu ambalwa okuhlola okubhekiselwa kuwo kuphela
4.Iziphi ezinye izinto ezinhle engingazenza ngozibuthe be-neodymium?
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banamandla ngendlela emangalisayo futhi benza izinto ezihlukahlukene, futhi kunezinto eziningi ezinhle ongazenza ngazo. Nansi imibono embalwa:
Dala idivaysi yokulinganisa kazibuthe: Ungasebenzisa ozibuthe be-neodymium ukuze udale idivayisi elula yokulinganisa, lapho uzibuthe oyedwa ulenga emoyeni ngaphezu komunye uzibuthe. Lokhu kungaba isilingo esijabulisayo nesihlaba umxhwele ukukhombisa amandla ozibuthe be-neodymium.
Yenza i-stirrer kazibuthe: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bangasetshenziswa ukwakha i-stirrer kazibuthe yokuhlolwa kwesayensi noma ukuphisa utshwala ekhaya. Ngokubeka uzibuthe esitsheni esiwuketshezi futhi usebenzise uzibuthe wesibili ngaphansi kwesitsha, ungakha umphumela onyakazayo ngaphandle kokudinga ukunyakazisa uketshezi.
Yakha ainjini kazibuthe: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bangasetshenziswa ukwakha injini elula esebenza ngamandla kazibuthe esikhundleni sikagesi. Lokhu kungaba iphrojekthi ejabulisayo nefundisayo yezingane nanoma ubani onentshisekelo kuma-electronics.
Dala ubucwebe kazibuthe: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bangafakwa kumiklamo yobucwebe, njengamasongo kazibuthe, imigexo, noma amacici. Lokhu kunganikeza insiza eyingqayizivele nesitayela ngenkathi kusizakala ngezici zokwelapha zikazibuthe.
Yenza kazibutheumdlalo wokudoba: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bangasetshenziswa ukudala umdlalo wokudoba ojabulisayo, lapho omagnethi banamathiselwe ekugcineni kwemigqa yokudoba futhi basetshenziselwa "ukubamba" izinto zensimbi esitsheni samanzi.
Yakha inqaba kazibuthe ngeAmabhola kazibuthe e-NdFeB: kunezinhlobo eziningi zamabhola kazibuthe we-NdFeB emakethe namuhla. Lawa mabhola kazibuthe we-NdFeB avame ukuba nemibala futhi kazibuthe, futhi amanye aze ambozwe ngopende okhanyayo phakathi-the-dark. Ukuthi ufuna ukudlala nazo ngokwakho noma uzisebenzise nengane yakho ukuze uyisize ithuthukise ubuhlakani bayo, iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu.
5.Kungani omazibuthe be-neodymium benamandla kangaka?
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banamandla kakhulu ngenxa yenhlanganisela yabo eyingqayizivele yezinto kanye nesakhiwo sekristalu.
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium benziwe nge-alloy ye-neodymium, insimbi, ne-boron, futhi isici se-neodymium siyinsimbi yomhlaba eyivelakancane eyaziwa ngezici zayo eziqinile zikazibuthe. Ngokungeziwe ku-neodymium, ingxubevange iqukethe ezinye izinto zomhlaba eziyivelakancane, njenge-dysprosium, terbium, noma i-praseodymium, ezisiza ukuthuthukisa izici kazibuthe zezinto.
Isakhiwo sekristalu sikazibuthe we-neodymium nakho kuyisici esibalulekile emandleni abo. Amakristalu aqondaniswe ngendlela ethile phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, esiza ukwakha inkambu kazibuthe eqinile futhi engaguquki kuyo yonke into. Le nqubo yokuqondanisa yaziwa ngokuthi "inqubo ye-sintering", ehlanganisa ukushisa nokucindezela i-neodymium alloy powder ibe ibhulokhi eliqinile.
Umphumela walezi zici uwuzibuthe onensimu kazibuthe enamandla ngendlela emangalisayo engaheha noma ixoshe abanye omazibuthe bekude. Lokhu kwenza ozibuthe be-neodymium bafaneleke kuhlelo olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, kusukela emishinini yezimboni kuya kuma-electronics abathengi. Nokho, amandla azo aphinde asho ukuthi kufanele ziphathwe ngokucophelela, njengoba zingalimaza kalula izinto zikagesi noma ukuncinza iminwe uma zingaphathwa kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-16-2023