Inkambu enkulu yohlelo lokusebenza yeezingavamile emhlabeni ozibuthe unomphelaamamotho kazibuthe ahlala njalo, aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi amamotho.
Izinjini ngomqondo obanzi zihlanganisa izinjini eziguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla emishini kanye namajeneretha aguqula amandla emishini abe amandla kagesi. Zombili izinhlobo zamamotho zincike kumgomo wokungeniswa kukagesi noma amandla kazibuthe njengomgomo wawo oyisisekelo. I-air-gap magnetic field iyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwenjini. Injini ekhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe enegebe lomoya ngokusebenzisa i-excitation ibizwa ngokuthi i-induction motor, kuyilapho injini ekhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe enegebe lomoya ngozibuthe ongunaphakade ibizwa ngokuthi i- permanent magnet motor.
Kumotho kazibuthe unomphela, inkambu kazibuthe ye-air-gap ikhiqizwa odonsa unomphela ngaphandle kwesidingo samandla kagesi engeziwe noma ama-winding engeziwe. Ngakho-ke, izinzuzo ezinkulu zamamotho kazibuthe unomphela ngaphezu kwezinjini zokungeniswa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukonga amandla, usayizi ohlangene, kanye nesakhiwo esilula. Ngakho-ke, amamotho kazibuthe unomphela asetshenziswa kakhulu kumamotho ahlukahlukene amancane namancane. Isibalo esingezansi sibonisa imodeli yokusebenza eyenziwe lula yemoto kazibuthe ye-DC unomphela. Ozibuthe ababili abangapheli benza insimu kazibuthe phakathi nendawo ikhoyili. Uma ikhoyili inikwa amandla, ithola amandla kazibuthe kagesi (ngokomthetho osesandleni sobunxele) bese iphenduka. Ingxenye ejikelezayo enjini kagesi ibizwa ngokuthi i-rotor, kanti ingxenye emile ibizwa ngokuthi i-stator. Njengoba kungabonakala emfanekisweni, odonsa unomphela bangawe-stator, kanti amakhoyili ayingxenye ye-rotor.
Kumamotho ajikelezayo, lapho uzibuthe ongunaphakade kuyi-stator, ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa ekucushweni #2, lapho omagnethi banamathiselwe khona endlini yemoto. Uma uzibuthe unomphela kuyi-rotor, ivamise ukuhlanganiswa ekucushweni #1, nozibuthe enamathiselwe ku-rotor core. Okunye, ukucupha #3, #4, #5, kanye #6 kuhlanganisa ukushumeka odonsa kumongo we-rotor, njengoba kuboniswe kumdwebo.
Kumamotho alayini, ozibuthe abangapheli basesimweni sezikwele namapharalelogramu. Ukwengeza, ama-cylindrical linear motors asebenzisa izibuthe ze-axially magnetized annular.
Izibuthe ku Permanent Magnet Motor izici ezilandelayo:
1. Umumo awuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu (ngaphandle kwamanye amamothoni amancane, njengama-VCM motors), ikakhulukazi amafomu angama-rectangular, trapezoidal, amise okwefeni, nanjengesinkwa. Ikakhulukazi, esimweni sokunciphisa izindleko zokuklama izimoto, abaningi bazosebenzisa omazibuthe abayisikwele abashumekiwe.
2. I-Magnetization ilula uma kuqhathaniswa, ikakhulukazi i-single-pole magnetization, futhi ngemva kokuhlanganiswa, yenza isekethe kazibuthe enezigxobo eziningi. Uma kuyindandatho ephelele, njengendandatho ye-neodymium iron boron enamathelayo noma indandatho ecindezelwe ngokushisayo, ngokuvamile ithatha i-multi-pole radiation magnetization.
3. Umnyombo wezidingo zobuchwepheshe ngokuyinhloko ulele ekuzinzeni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukungaguquguquki kwe-magnetic flux, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ozibuthe be-rotor ababekwe phezulu badinga izinto ezinhle zokunamathela, omagnethi bezimoto abalayini banezidingo eziphakeme zesifutho sikasawoti, omagnethi bamandla omoya banezidingo eziqinile zokufuthwa kukasawoti, futhi odonsa bezimoto badinga ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
4. Imikhiqizo yamandla kazibuthe aphezulu, aphakathi nendawo, kanye nebanga eliphansi isetshenziswa yonke, kodwa ukuphoqelela ikakhulukazi kusezingeni eliphakathi ukuya phezulu. Njengamanje, amamaki azibuthe asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinjini zokushayela imoto kagesi ikakhulukazi yimikhiqizo yamandla kazibuthe aphezulu kanye nokuphoqeleka okuphezulu, okufana ne-45UH, 48UH, 50UH, 42EH, 45EH, njll., kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusabalalisa obuvuthiwe bubalulekile.
5. Ozibuthe abanamathelayo abahlukanisiwe be-laminated basetshenziswe kabanzi ezindaweni ezisezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu. Inhloso iwukuthuthukisa ukwahlukanisa kwengxenye kozibuthe futhi kuncishiswe ukulahleka kwamanje kwe-eddy ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, futhi abanye omagnethi bangase bengeze i-epoxy coating phezulu ukuze bandise ukwahlukanisa kwabo.
Izinto ezibalulekile zokuhlola ozibuthe bezimoto:
1. Ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu: Amanye amakhasimende adinga ukulinganisa ukubola kazibuthe okuvula isiyingi, kuyilapho amanye edinga ukukala ukubola kazibuthe okumaphakathi okuvulekile-kwesekhethi. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, omazibuthe badinga ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokushintshana kwamagnetic field. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa nokuqapha komkhiqizo oqediwe ukuwohloka kazibuthe kanye namajika okushisa aphezulu okushisa adingekayo wezinto eziyisisekelo.
2. Ukungaguquguquki kwe-Magnetic flux: Njengomthombo wamandla kazibuthe wama-motor rotor noma ama-stator, uma kukhona ukungahambisani ku-flux kazibuthe, kungabangela ukudlidliza kwemoto, nokunciphisa amandla, futhi kuthinte umsebenzi wonke wenjini. Ngakho-ke, omazibuthe bezimoto ngokuvamile banezidingo zokungaguquguquki kwe-magnetic flux, abanye bangaphakathi kuka-5%, abanye ngaphakathi kuka-3%, noma ngisho nangaphakathi kuka-2%. Izinto ezithinta ukuguquguquka kazibuthe, njengokufana kozibuthe osalayo, ukubekezelelana, kanye ne-chamfer coating, kufanele zonke zicatshangelwe.
3. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo: Ozibuthe abafakwe phezulu basesimweni sikathayela. Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuhlola ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili zama-engeli namaredi zingaba namaphutha amakhulu noma kube nzima ukuzihlola. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kufanele kucatshangelwe. Komazibuthe abahleleke kahle, izikhala eziqoqiwe kumele zilawulwe. Kumamagnet anezikhala ze-dovetail, ukuqina komhlangano kudinga ukucatshangelwa. Kungcono ukwenza izinto ezimise okwezifiso ngokwendlela yokuhlanganisa yomsebenzisi ukuhlola ukuguquguquka kwezimo kazibuthe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-24-2023